The hidden threat of microplastics in some pristine and unique biodiversity areas of Madagascar (Nosy Be)

Presented at the 21st National Congress of the Division of Environmental Chemistry and Cultural Heritage in Cremona, September 10-13, with the results of analyses conducted in Nosy Be, Madagascar.

Marine microplastic contamination represents a critical environmental challenge. The indispensable properties of plastic—durability, lightness, and low cost—combined with poor life cycle management, have led to its accumulation in the oceans. The ecological risks have only recently been recognized, particularly fragmentation by photodegradation and abrasion into macroparticles (≥25 mm), mesoparticles (5…25 mm), microparticles (1 μm…5 mm), and nanoparticles (<1 μm), originating both intentionally (cosmetics, industry) and from the degradation of packaging waste, fishing gear, urban effluents, etc. Beaches act as natural traps for these particles, influenced by wind, waves, and currents. This study focuses on Madagascar, a biodiversity hotspot in the Indian Ocean with vast areas minimally affected by humans. A dual approach assessed contamination in seawater and sand. The research is part of MicroMar, a citizen science initiative involving volunteers, in collaboration with the University of Naples Federico II, A.I.P.U., the "Riviera di Ulisse" Regional Park, and the Italian Naval League (Sperlonga–Lake Fondi).